PECB Certified ISO 45001 Lead Auditor Practice Tests

Explanation

Systematic sampling involves selecting items at regular intervals, such as every tenth record. Random sampling gives each item an equal chance without a fixed pattern, stratified sampling divides the population into subgroups, and judgmental sampling relies on the auditor's professional judgment to select high-risk items.

Explanation

Falsifying records is a serious breach of integrity and a systemic failure that significantly impacts the ability of the OH&S management system to achieve intended outcomes. It also potentially involves a breach of legal requirements. Therefore, it is classified as a major nonconformity. Minor nonconformities are isolated lapses, while observations and anomalies do not represent nonfulfillment of requirements or systemic failures.

Explanation

Professional auditors must maintain the confidentiality of information acquired during the audit. Sharing findings with unauthorized third parties breaches this trust and violates the integrity of the audit process. Evidence-based approach, open-mindedness, and versatility are important attributes but are not directly related to the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information.

Explanation

Systematic sampling involves selecting items at regular intervals from a population, such as every 40th entry. Random sampling relies on chance without a fixed interval. Stratified sampling divides the population into subgroups first. Judgmental sampling relies on the auditor's professional judgment rather than a fixed statistical rule.

Explanation

Ethical conduct is a core personal attribute requiring auditors to be fair, truthful, sincere, honest, and discreet. A fundamental aspect of ethical conduct in auditing is maintaining independence and impartiality. Auditing one's own work creates a conflict of interest and compromises objectivity, which is a violation of ethical standards. Open-mindedness refers to being receptive to alternative viewpoints, which is important but not the primary issue here. Diplomatic behavior involves tact and sensitivity in interactions, while versatility refers to adapting to different situations; neither addresses the fundamental conflict of interest inherent in auditing one's own prior work.