ISACA · CyberSec-Fund
Validates foundational cybersecurity knowledge across four domains: information security fundamentals, threat landscape, securing assets, and security operations and response, covering core security concepts, threat identification, data protection, and incident detection.
Practice Questions
596
≈ 3 practice exams
Duration
120 minutes
Passing Score
65%
Difficulty
FoundationalLast Updated
Aug 2026
The ISACA Cybersecurity Fundamentals Certificate does not expire. Once you pass the exam and earn it, it stays valid for life. There is no continuing professional education (CPE) requirement, no annual maintenance fee, and nothing to renew. That sets it apart from ISACA's professional certifications such as CISA, CISM, CRISC, and CGEIT, which must be renewed every three years and carry ongoing CPE obligations.
Because it is a foundational, knowledge-based credential, the goal is simply to pass the exam once. This practice set covers the four domains it tests: information security fundamentals, the threat landscape, securing assets, and security operations and response. Start with 30 free questions, then work through the full bank of 596 with detailed explanations and earn a certificate that never needs renewing.
The ISACA Cybersecurity Fundamentals Certificate validates foundational knowledge and practical skills across the core principles of cybersecurity. It covers the language, frameworks, and technologies that define the discipline, including information security fundamentals, data protection, threat identification, and security operations. The credential is designed to establish that a candidate understands both the theoretical underpinnings of cybersecurity and the practical role security professionals play in defending enterprise systems and data.
Unlike ISACA's more advanced practitioner certifications, this certificate is explicitly entry-level and carries no expiration date, making it a durable credential for those early in their cybersecurity journey. The exam blends traditional knowledge-based multiple-choice questions with performance-based questions set in a virtual lab environment, reflecting ISACA's emphasis on applied, real-world competency rather than purely memorized concepts.
This certificate is designed for students, recent graduates, and early-career IT professionals who want to establish a verified baseline in cybersecurity. It is also well-suited for IT professionals from adjacent disciplines—such as networking, systems administration, or software development—who are transitioning into security-focused roles and need to formalize their foundational knowledge.
Career changers from non-IT backgrounds entering the cybersecurity field will also find this credential valuable as a first step toward more advanced ISACA certifications such as the CSX-P (Cybersecurity Practitioner). Organizations looking to upskill staff or build internal cybersecurity awareness programs frequently use this certificate as a baseline benchmark for their teams.
There are no formal prerequisites for the Cybersecurity Fundamentals Certificate. ISACA allows candidates to register for and sit the exam at any time, with no required work experience, prior certifications, or formal education. This open-access policy reflects the foundational, entry-level nature of the credential.
While no prerequisites are mandated, candidates with some exposure to basic IT concepts—such as networking fundamentals, operating system basics, or general IT infrastructure—will find the material more approachable. Familiarity with concepts like access control, encryption basics, or network protocols is beneficial but not required to begin studying.
The exam consists of 60 scored questions delivered over 120 minutes, yielding roughly two minutes per question. It is administered online as a remotely proctored, closed-book exam, meaning candidates can take it from any suitable location without visiting a physical test center. The question format combines traditional knowledge-based multiple-choice questions with performance-based questions set in a virtual lab environment, testing practical application alongside conceptual understanding.
A passing score of 65% is required, meaning candidates must answer at least 39 of the 60 questions correctly. Exam eligibility is valid for 12 months from the date of registration. Candidates may reschedule their exam without penalty if they do so at least 48 hours before the scheduled appointment. The certificate itself does not expire once earned.
Earning the Cybersecurity Fundamentals Certificate signals to employers that a candidate has verified, baseline-level cybersecurity knowledge validated by ISACA—a globally recognized standards body also responsible for CISA, CISM, and CRISC. For entry-level roles such as Security Analyst, IT Security Technician, SOC Analyst (Tier 1), or Junior Penetration Tester, this credential helps candidates stand out in competitive applicant pools where many lack any formal cybersecurity validation. The digital badge issued through Credly allows holders to display their credential on LinkedIn and other professional platforms for immediate visibility to recruiters.
As a foundational certificate with no expiration date, it also serves as a stepping stone toward more advanced ISACA credentials. Candidates who go on to earn the CSX-P (Cybersecurity Practitioner) certification—ISACA's hands-on, performance-based practitioner credential—can expect significantly higher earning potential, with mid-career cybersecurity professionals commonly earning between $80,000 and $130,000 annually depending on role and region. The Cybersecurity Fundamentals Certificate positions candidates to begin that progression with a recognized, vendor-neutral credential accepted across industries.
5 sample questions with answers and explanations. The full bank has 596 questions, enough for 3 full-length practice exams.
Preview — answers shown1. A cybersecurity analyst investigates a phishing campaign where attackers send personalized emails to the CFO and CEO containing references to ongoing merger negotiations and requesting urgent wire transfers. The emails use spoofed addresses of legitimate business partners. Which social engineering attack type accurately describes this scenario? (Select one!)
Explanation
Whaling specifically targets high-level executives like CEOs and CFOs using highly personalized content that references real business activities and relationships. The merger negotiation references and targeted approach to C-level executives characterizes whaling attacks, which are a specialized form of spear phishing aimed at the most valuable targets. Generic phishing uses broad, non-personalized messages sent to many recipients without targeting specific individuals. Vishing uses voice communication over phone calls, not email. Pretexting involves fabricated scenarios but the question describes email-based attacks, and pretexting can occur through various channels including email, so the executive targeting and personalization make whaling the more specific and accurate classification.
2. A security operations center analyst investigates alerts using a system that aggregates logs from firewalls, IDS sensors, servers, applications, and endpoints, then correlates events using predefined rules to identify security incidents. Which security technology is the analyst using? (Select one!)
Explanation
Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) platforms aggregate logs from multiple sources including network devices, servers, applications, and endpoints, then normalize, correlate, and analyze events using rules to identify security incidents. This provides centralized visibility and incident detection. Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) focuses specifically on endpoint monitoring and response, not network-wide log aggregation. Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB) monitors cloud service usage and enforces policies. Security Orchestration, Automation and Response (SOAR) focuses on automating incident response workflows rather than log correlation.
3. An organization's Business Continuity Plan includes multiple recovery sites for critical IT systems. The plan specifies a warm site with partial infrastructure pre-positioned and updated weekly. Based on this configuration, what is the realistic Recovery Time Objective range this warm site can support? (Select one!)
Explanation
Warm sites contain partial infrastructure with some equipment pre-positioned but require additional setup and data restoration to become operational. With weekly backup updates the realistic Recovery Time Objective is several hours to approximately one day. Time is needed to activate additional resources, restore the most recent backups, perform testing, and verify functionality. Hot sites with real-time replication support RTOs in minutes to one hour. Cold sites are empty facilities requiring equipment procurement and installation taking days to weeks. The weekly backup frequency also impacts recovery because up to one week of data changes may need to be recovered through other means. Warm sites balance cost against recovery speed making them suitable for important but not mission-critical systems.
4. A development team implements OWASP secure coding practices to prevent injection attacks in a web application. The application accepts user input for database queries. Which defensive coding technique provides the MOST effective protection against SQL injection? (Select one!)
Explanation
Parameterized queries with prepared statements provide the most effective SQL injection defense by separating SQL code from user data. The database treats user input as data only, never as executable code, regardless of content. Input validation can be bypassed with encoding techniques. Encoding helps but does not completely prevent injection. Stored procedures reduce risk but remain vulnerable if they concatenate user input into dynamic SQL. Parameterized queries are the gold standard recommended by OWASP.
5. A security architect implements controls requiring financial transaction initiators, approvers, and reconcilers to be different individuals. This design prevents any single person from completing fraudulent transactions. Which security principle is being implemented? (Select one!)
Explanation
Separation of duties divides critical tasks among multiple people to prevent fraud and errors. By requiring different individuals to initiate, approve, and reconcile transactions, no single person can complete fraudulent activities undetected. Least privilege limits the access rights users receive but does not divide tasks across people. Need to know restricts information access based on job requirements. Defense in depth uses multiple security layers but does not specifically address task division among personnel.
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